A comprehensive Review on Cardio Protective Potential of Polyphenols

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Vidhya Rekha.U, Jayamathi.P, Kesavan, Naveen Raj

Abstract

The polyphenols are organic compounds containing at least one aromatic ring and a hydroxyl group are the secondary metabolites of plants increasing scientific interest because of their possible beneficial effects on human health. Diets rich in plant polyphenols play a vital role in health through the regulation of metabolism, weight, chronic disease, and cell proliferation. Epidemiologic,  animal and human studies show that various polyphenols have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that could have  reduced risk of different chronic disease like cardiovascular diseases. It is a global term used for the group of diseases affecting the heart and/or blood vessels and includes coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral artery disease, congenital heart disease, hypertension, heart failure and stroke. Polyphenols is reported to prevent platelet aggregation and relax the arterial blood vessels, disrupting the oxidation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, hyperlipidemia, inflammation and atherosclerosis by altering lipid profiles, inhibition of macrophage foam cell formation, its antioxidative effect, and anti-inflammatory action  may be associated with reduced incidence of cardiovascular disorders by  acting at the molecular level, improve endothelial function and inhibit platelet aggregation. This review summarizes the main cardioprotective effect of polyphenols as an abundance of health benefits associated with the cardiovasular diseases, atherosclerosis and hypertension.

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