A Study on the Consciousness of Residence Settlements by the Relocation of Public Institutions

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Na-Na Lee, Seung-Wan Ju

Abstract

Although Korea has been rapidly growing for the past 40 years due to an unbalanced development strategy centered on the Seoul metropolitan area, it is suffering from the polarization of the nation's territory: namely, from overpopulation in the capital area and its subsequent stagnation. Accordingly, more aggressive policies for the development of the metropolitan area and localization of self-reliant areas will be needed.
The success of the innovative city depends not only on residents’ stable settlement accompanied by the relocation of public institutions but also on the constant demand creation. Therefore, based on the premise that family migration rate and housing settlement of the previous agency employees will act as important variables in the plan for relocating public institutions, the ratio of family ownership and relocation of employees to the innovative city was reviewed. The analysis results are summarized as follows.
First, analysis of migration patterns by gender of respondents shows that there are many cases where married men choose to move their entire family over single body share, while the proportion of their total household share over single body share significantly diminishes as for married women.
Second, if the subjects to move is single, they prioritizes better surroundings around their corporations and working areas including well developed infrastructure such as cultural facilities, hospital, and transportation.
Third, married people, especially for married couples who chose to move to the whole family out of innovative cities, cited the improvement of education standards as the most necessary requirement. The relocation of Busan-based institutions seems to have moved from the capital city, and its employees are reluctant to change their children's educational environment and express concerns about disadvantages from worse school district and decline of educational quality, compared to those in the metropolitan area.
Fourth, the survey respondents mentioned their satisfaction with all public domains in their previous residence with those in innovative cities. The survey found that the higher their satisfaction level of the previous residence is, the less likely they are to reside in the innovation cities.
The elimination of household and childcare burdens derived from this study, the expansion of jobs derived from innovative cities, and the improvement of educational standards seem to be visible solutions that can attract residents to settle down and create continuous housing demand. The problems that innovative cities need to address are limited by securing funds to actually carry out, as well as the government's policies, the will of local governments, private companies and organizations. Therefore, the government and local governments will have to come up with specific alternatives, taking into account the marital status, age group and family environment of workers at innovative city relocation agencies. In order to become a self-reliant localization hub of innovative cities, organic cooperation and continuous efforts by the government, local governments, private companies and organizations are needed.

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