Micological Safety Principles Of Some Medicinal Essential Plants Growing In Azerbaijan

Abstract

Most of the plants spread in Azerbaijan, including medicinal ones, have become the subject of various studies, and they have been studied to some extent in various aspects (botanical, pharmacological, etc.). However species of medicinal plants belonging both to the flora of Azerbaijan and being introduced have not been the subject of systematic mycological, even phytopathological research and only in some research it is also possible to come across the names of such plants when indicate the habitats of the fungi. Although as a result of fungal diseases the productivity of some species reduce each year, most of them are destroyed and in the population the number of individuals decreases.In order to prevent them, i.e. elimination of the observed adverse effects, identification complex measures, a comprehensive study of the mycobiota of medicinal plants, especially its pathogenic representatives (species composition, ecological-trophic relationships, frequency of occurrence, metabolic activity, etc.),clarification of the form of the relationship between the fungus-host plant are one of the most important and topical issues.
The main argument for the urgency of the issue is that most of the medicinal plants utilized in folk medicine are used without heat treatment, and their cultivation, collection and preparation for use is carried out in an open system [1]. This inevitably characterizes them as an open system for the collection of various microorganisms, including the fungi themselves and their metabolites. Studies have shown that among the fungi contained in medicinal plants, there are enough toxins, allergens and pathogens, especially common pathogens, and these plants are also enriched with fungal mycotoxins, as well as the fact that substances taken by people for different purposes (food and medical) are also one of the sources of transmission of various diseases [3, 4].