The Effect Of Olive Oil (Oo) And Hydroxytyrosol (Hxt) In Improving The Level Of Sex Hormones And Suppressing Oxidative Stress And Histopathological Of The Testes Caused By Hyperlipidemia In Male Rats

Abstract

Hypercholesterolemiais a major contributor to production of free radical,as impairs the biosynthesis of steroid hormones, and causes many tissue lesions of the testes, and their negative effects are prevented by antioxidant defenses.Therefore, this study was designed to search for the effect of both olive oil(OO) and hydroxytyrosol(HXT) in amelioration the scaleof sex hormones and antioxidants in the blood serum and histopathological disorders of testes inmale albino ratsOf the Sprague Dawleytype, infected experimental hyperlipidemia and comparing the results with atorvastatin(ATOR).In this study, 50 male albino rats were used, distributed into 10 groups with close weights.The first group (control group) was given the normal diet, as for the groups from the second to the fifth, they were given the normal diet for two weeks, and then they were gavage (OO), (HXT), (OO) + (HXT), and (ATOR), respectively, for six weeks.While the sixth group (cholesterol group) was given a diet containing cholesterol in the rate of 2% throughout the experiment period of eight weeks,The groups are from seven to ten were given ahypercholesterolemiadiet for two weeks, then they were gavage(OO), (HXT), (OO)+ (HXT), and (ATOR) , respectively, for six weeks.The results of the study showed a significant decrease)P≤ ( 0.05in the level of testosterone, folliclestimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) , the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and a significant increase in the level of Peroxynitrite (ONOO-),as well as many histological abnormalities in the testes, which included a decrease in the number of seminiferous tubules and their destruction, reduction in the number of germ cells and the separation of spermatogonia from each other and the basement membrane, degeneration and atrophy of germ cells with degeneration of spermatids and a decrease in the number of sperms,degeneration of Sertoli cells and a decrease in their numbers, degeneration of the cytoplasm of leydig cells and a reduction in their numbers, and the occurrence of congestion and hemorrhage between the seminiferous tubules significantly in the affected group compared to the control group.While groups of infected animals that were administered (OO),(HXT), (OO)+ (HXT), and (ATOR) showed a positive improvement in all the above-mentioned variables, as (OO) + (HXT)outperformed all treatments.We conclude from the current study that hyperlipidemia leads to a decrease in the level of sex hormones and the occurrence of oxidative stress, which is associated with many histological disorders in the testes, and that the role of (OO)+(HXT) together plays a key role in suppression the negative effects caused by hyperlipidemia.