Distraction Osteogenesis: A Review

Abstract

Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a method of new bone formation followed by a corticotomy or an osteotomy and by gradual distraction with the aid of distraction devices⁽¹⁾. DO is a process involving formation of new bone between the surfaces of bone segments that are gradually separated by incremental traction with the help of mechanical devices which is designed to control both the traction rate and movement vector. DO is instigated when a traction force is applied to bone segments and continues as long as the callus tissue is stretched. forces applied to bone during the process of distraction create tension in the surrounding soft tissues, thereby initiating a sequence of adaptive changes termed distraction histogenesis This topic gives an overview on distraction osteogenesis and its application in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery.