Biodegradation and Decolorization of Malachite Green and Congo Red Textile Dyes by Newly Isolated Bacillus subtilis strain GKRS01 from Textile Effluents

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Gaurav Kaushik, Ruchi Seth

Abstract

Water contamination from the textile industry is a major problem worldwide. Malachite Green (MG) and Congo Red (CR) dyes are commonly used in textile industries and are poisonous, mutagenic, and carcinogenic. This work intended to isolate and molecularly characterize possible MG and CR dye degrading bacteria from textile effluents. Bacillus subtilis strain GKRS01 (NCBI accession no. OK076699) can decolorize MG and CR dyes. Additionally, 16S rRNA sequencing validated the isolated strains' genetic differences. B. subtilis strain GKRS01 showed 80.64% and 94.19% decolorization of CR and MG, respectively on 100mg/1000ml at pH 7.0 and 37° C under shaking condition. The degraded products were examined across the wavenumber range of 4000–400 cm–1 by FTIR (PerkinElmer’s Spectrum Two™ IR spectrometer). FTIR study demonstrated that B. subtilis strain GKRS01 decomposed hazardous Malachite Green and Congo Red dyes into non-toxic end products. The isolated B. subtilis strain GKRS01 showed promise in treating waste water contaminated with malachite green and congo red textile dyes.

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